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Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter Calculator

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The Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter Calculator will calculate:

  1. How to convert any number from Hindu-Arabic to Roman Numbering System and vice-versa

Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter Calculator Parameters: Numbers must be less than 4 million (Max value of 3,999,999 or M̅M̅M̅C̅M̅X̅C̅I̅X̅CMXCIX). for large roman numbers with lines over (ie: M̅X̅) enter the letter followed by an nderscore (ie: M̅X̅ = M_X_).

Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter Calculator
Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter
Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter calculations
Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter Calculator Input Values
Hindu-Arabic number (h)
Roman-numeral (r)

Please note that the formula for each calculation along with detailed calculations is shown further below this page. As you enter the specific factors of each hindu arabic to roman numbers converter calculation, the Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter Calculator will automatically calculate the results and update the formula elements with each element of the hindu arabic to roman numbers converter calculation. You can then email or print this hindu arabic to roman numbers converter calculation as required for later use.

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Theoretical description

In most daily activities, we use the decimal system of numerals, which is a system where there are only 10 digits used to express numbers. They are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Then, these digits are combined to give create larger numbers. This combination includes writing numbers as a list of digits, where more in the right a digit be, smaller its value is.

In the decimal system of numerals, the value of digits increases 10 times when shifting by one position due left. For example, the rightmost digit of 555 indicates 5 units (or 5 ones), the middle digit indicates 5 tens while the leftmost digit indicates 5 hundreds. In general, for the decimal system of numerals we have

edcba = ⋯ + e × 10,000 + d × 1,000 + c × 100 + b × 10 + a × 1

The three dots mean that the number can be longer and the other possible digits are on the left part.

When expressed in terms of powers of ten (we call this form of numbers representation as "scientific notation", the above number becomes

edcba = ⋯ + e × 104 + d × 103 + c × 102 + b × 101 + a × 100

If the number is expressed in either of the two forms above, we say the number is decomposed. For example, 70,328 is written in the decomposed form as

70,328 = 7 × 10,000 + 0 × 1,000 + 3 × 100 + 2 × 10 + 8 × 1

or

70,328 = 7 × 104 + 0 × 103 + 3 × 102 + 2 × 101 + 8 × 100

The digits we use today derive from the Hindu-Arabic civilizations. Therefore, the decimal system containing the digits we use today is known as the "Hindu-Arabic System of Numerals." However, this has not always been the case. Ancient civilizations used other numeral systems, where the most notable is the Roman System of Numerals, which is still today (for example, to express centuries, in paragraph numbering, etc.).

The following symbols are used in the Roman system of numerals:

  • Roman ones, I - can be up to three ones in a row
  • Roman five, V [Four is written as IV]
  • Roman tens, X - can be up to three tens in a row
  • Roman fifty, L [Forty is written as XL]
  • Roman hundreds, C - can be up to three hundreds in a row
  • Roman five-hundred, D [Four hundred is written as CD]
  • Roman thousand, M - can be up to three thousands in a row

Obviously, the above symbols allow us to write numbers up to 3,999 in the Roman system of numerals (3,999 = MMMCMXCIX). In order to write greater numbers, we put a horizontal line on top of a symbol or group of symbols - an action that increases by 1000 times the value of the part under the horizontal line. This allows us to write numbers up to 4 million (without including this value). This number also represents the upper limit of this calculator.

For example, 3,999,999 expressed in the Roman system is

3,999,999 = M̅M̅M̅C̅M̅X̅C̅I̅X̅CMXCIX

where the part under the horizontal line indicates the number 3,999,000 as it is 1000 times 3,999 we saw earlier, while the part on its right indicates the value 999.

The calculator allows you convert any Hindu-Arabic number from 1 to 3,999,999 to Roman system.

Arithmetic Math Tutorials associated with the Hindu Arabic To Roman Numbers Converter Calculator

The following Math tutorials are provided within the Arithmetic section of our Free Math Tutorials. Each Arithmetic tutorial includes detailed Arithmetic formula and example of how to calculate and resolve specific Arithmetic questions and problems. At the end of each Arithmetic tutorial you will find Arithmetic revision questions with a hidden answer that reveal when clicked. This allows you to learn about Arithmetic and test your knowledge of Math by answering the revision questions on Arithmetic.

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